Remote Emotion Recognition Using Continuous-Wave Bio-Radar System.

The Bio-Radar is herein presented as a non-contact radar system able to capture vital signs remotely without requiring any physical contact with the subject. In this work, the ability to use the proposed system for emotion recognition is verified by comparing its performance on identifying fear, happiness and a neutral condition, with certified measuring equipment. For this purpose, machine learning algorithms were applied to the respiratory and cardiac signals captured simultaneously by the radar and the referenced contact-based system. Following a multiclass identification strategy, one could conclude that both systems present a comparable performance, where the radar might even outperform under specific conditions. Emotion recognition is possible using a radar system, with an accuracy equal to 99.7% and an F1-score of 99.9%. Thus, we demonstrated that it is perfectly possible to use the Bio-Radar system for this purpose, which is able to be operated remotely, avoiding the subject awareness of being monitored and thus providing more authentic reactions.

Mobile Data Gathering and Preliminary Analysis for the Functional Reach Test.

The functional reach test (FRT) is a clinical tool used to evaluate dynamic balance and fall risk in older adults and those with certain neurological diseases. It provides crucial information for developing rehabilitation programs to improve balance and reduce fall risk. This paper aims to describe a new tool to gather and analyze the data from inertial sensors to allow automation and increased reliability in the future by removing practitioner bias and facilitating the FRT procedure. A new tool for gathering and analyzing data from inertial sensors has been developed to remove practitioner bias and streamline the FRT procedure. The study involved 54 senior citizens using smartphones with sensors to execute FRT. The methods included using a mobile app to gather data, using sensor-fusion algorithms like the Madgwick algorithm to estimate orientation, and attempting to estimate location by twice integrating accelerometer data. However, accurate position estimation was difficult, highlighting the need for more research and development. The study highlights the benefits and drawbacks of automated balance assessment testing with mobile device sensors, highlighting the potential of technology to enhance conventional health evaluations.

Pelvimetric characteristics in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) bred under human care / Características pelvimétricas em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) criadas sob cuidados humanos

The aim of the study was to establish the pattern of the agouti pelvis by obtaining external and radiographic internal pelvimetric values. Forty-three agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), females and males bred in under human care were used. The parameters measured were the external biiliac diameter; the external biischiatic diameter; right and left external ilioischiatic diameters and radiographic internal measurements (true conjugated, the diagonal conjugated; the vertical, the sacral, sagittal, coxal tuberosity, upper biiliac, lower biiliac, and biischiatic diameter. The inlet pelvic area and the outlet pelvic area were calculated, as well the height/width ratios of the entrance area of the pelvis and the pelvic outlet area were calculated. The mean values for each body measurement of females and males were: weight 1.91kg and 2.04kg, external biiliac diameter 6.32cm and 6.30cm, external biischiatic diameter 4.34cm and 4.28cm, right external ilioischiatic diameter 9.01cm and 9.33cm, left external ilioischiatic diameter 9.13cm and 9.30cm, true conjugated 3.90cm and 3.68cm, diagonal conjugated 7.13cm and 6.91cm, vertical diameter 2.59cm and 2.45cm, sacral diameter 2.63cm and 2.44cm, sagittal diameter 3.30cm and 3.09cm, coxal tuberosity diameter 2.52cm and 2.43cm, upper biiliac diameter 6.28cm and 6.24cm, lower biiliac diameter 2.98cm and 2.58cm, biischiatic diameter 2.60cm and 2.70cm, height/width ratio - vertical/ lower biiliac diameter 0.88cm and 0.95cm, sagital/coxal tuberosity diameter 1.32cm and 1.28cm, inlet pelvic area 82.38cm and 77.83cm and outlet pelvic area 24.76cm and 20.07cm. Agouti are dolichopelvic animals, demonstrating the existence of a discrete sexual dimorphism in adults and low intensity correlations between the external and internal measures studied.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o padrão da pelve de cutia, masculina e feminina, por meio da obtenção dos valores médios da pelvimetria externa e interna radiográfica. Foram utilizadas 43 cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), fêmeas e machos criadas sob cuidados humanos. Os parâmetros medidos foram o diâmetro biilíaco externo; o diâmetro biisquiático externo; diâmetros ilioisquiáticos externos direito e esquerdo e medidas internas radiográficas (diâmetros conjugado verdadeiro, diagonal conjugado, vertical, sacral, sagital, tuberosidade coxal, biilíaco superior, biilíaco inferior e diâmetro biisquiático). A área pélvica de entrada e a área pélvica de saída foram calculadas , assim como foram calculadas as razões altura/largura da área de entrada da pelve e da área de saída da pelve. Os valores médios para as medidas das fêmeas e dos machos foram, respectivamente: peso 1,91kg e 2,04kg, diâmetro biilíaco externo 6,32cm e 6,30 cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo 4,34cm e 4,28cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo direito 9,01cm e 9,33cm, diâmetro ilioisquiático externo esquerdo 9,13cm e 9,30cm, diâmetro conjugado verdadeiro 3,90cm e 3,68cm, diâmetro conjugado diagonal 7,13cm e 6,91cm, diâmetro vertical 2,59cm e 2,45cm, diâmetro sacral 2,63cm e 2,44cm, diâmetro sagital 3,30cm e 3,09cm, tuberosidade coxal diâmetro 2,52cm e 2,43cm, diâmetro biilíaco superior 6,28cm e 6,24cm, diâmetro biilíaco inferior 2,98cm e 2,58cm, diâmetro biisquiático 2,60cm e 2,70cm, relação altura/largura - vertical/diâmetro biilíaco inferior 0,88cm e 0,95cm, diâmetro sagital/coxal tuberosidade 1,32cm e 1,28cm, área pélvica de entrada 82,38cm e 77,83 cm e área pélvica de saída 24,76cm e 20,07cm. As cutias são animais dolicopélvicos, demonstrando a existência de um discreto dimorfismo sexual em adultos e correlações de baixa intensidade entre as medidas externas e internas estudadas.

Energy gamification: design and development of a user interface tool to upgrade social experience and energy literacy.

Gamification consists of applying typical elements of game-playing environments to other areas of activity. In various fields such as medicine, education, or business, gamification has been explored as an efficient vehicle to foster real-life predetermined targets or improve a real-life action's effectiveness. Amidst the current energy transition, gamification has emerged as a promising strategy to make the energy transition exciting to end-users, bridging information gaps, increasing learning, and motivating behaviour change. This study presents the design and development of a gamified solution as part of the Smart2B H2020 project. The primary objective is to create an excellent user-engagement experience while encouraging and fostering energy literacy and behaviour change. Leveraging the increasing digitalization of the energy sector, the developed gamified module will feature a user interface (UI) tool that promotes healthy competition between users, primarily driven by changes in energy consumption behaviour. The monthly and overall leader boards will translate energy savings into an in-game virtual point-based system, reinforcing the intrinsic value of energy conservation. The gamified elements and mechanisms, such as missions, interactive tasks or challenges, instant feedback, achievements, and badges, will progressively guide users in understanding their energy consumption patterns and how they can be improved. Drawing from social engineering and educational perspectives, the pilot sites within the Smart2B project will maximize user interaction and engagement to motivate real behaviour change. By highlighting the design and development aspects of our gamified solution, we aim to provide more insights into the process that was followed to create an effective and impactful tool for promoting sustainable energy consumption practices among end-users.

Impacto do planejamento familiar na vida sexual e reprodutiva de adolescentes / Impact of family planning on the sexual and reproductive life of adolescents

Introdução: O programa de planejamento familiar é uma importante ferramenta na redução dos índices de gravidez na adolescência, que é considerada uma questão de saúde pública. Objetivos: Compilar as publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais acerca do impacto do planejamento familiar na prevenção da gravidez em adolescentes. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nos bancos de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Google Scholar, SciELO e PubMed, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2020, a partir de estudos experimentais e observacionais. Resultados: Dos 20 artigos incluídos, foi realizado agrupamento dos dados que possibilitou a construção de três unidades temáticas: programa de planejamento familiar-potencialidades e fragilidades; fatores determinantes e condicionantes da gravidez na adolescência; educação sexual como ferramenta de prevenção da gravidez na adolescência. Conclusão: A eficácia dos programas de planejamento familiar, dependem de vários fatores: treinamento adequado dos profissionais envolvidos, fornecimento gratuito de insumos, metodologia de educação sexual aplicada, local da instalação da sede física do programa e o público-alvo atingido.

Introduction: The family planning program is an important tool in reducing teenage pregnancy rates, which is considered a public health issue. Objective: To compile national and international scientific publications on the impact of family planning on pregnancy prevention in adolescents. Method: A literature review was carried out in the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Google Schoolar, Scielo and PubMed, from August to December 2020, based on experimental and observational studies. Results: Of the 20 articles included, data were grouped, which enabled the construction of three thematic units: family planning program - strengths and weaknesses; determining and conditioning factors of teenage pregnancy; sex education as a tool to prevent teenage pregnancy. Conclusion: The effectiveness of family planning programs depends on several factors: adequate training of the professionals involved, free supply of inputs, applied sex education methodology, location of the program's physical headquarters and the target audience reached.

Vitamin E and organic selenium for broilers from 22 to 42 days old: performance and carcass traits

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and selenium on performance, viability, productive efficiency, and yields of carcass, major cuts, and organs of broilers from 22 to 42 days submitted to cyclic-heat stress. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with two levels of selenium (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) and three levels of vitamin E (300, 400, and 500 mg/kg), plus a control treatment. Animals were submitted to a natural condition of high cyclic temperature. Organic selenium levels of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg associated with 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg of vitamin E were tested. The level of vitamin E did not affect the performance or production efficiency of broilers in the period from 22 to 33 days and 22 to 42 days. However, the selenium inclusion level of 0.3 mg/kg improved the viability in both phases. The yields of carcass, major cuts, intestine, and heart were not influenced by the levels of selenium and vitamin E, whereas abdominal fat for the selenium level 0.1 mg/kg decreased linearly with the inclusion in vitamin E.

Vitamin E and organic selenium for broilers from 22 to 42 days old: performance and carcass traits.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and selenium on performance, viability, productive efficiency, and yields of carcass, major cuts, and organs of broilers from 22 to 42 days submitted to cyclic-heat stress. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with two levels of selenium (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) and three levels of vitamin E (300, 400, and 500 mg/kg), plus a control treatment. Animals were submitted to a natural condition of high cyclic temperature. Organic selenium levels of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg associated with 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg of vitamin E were tested. The level of vitamin E did not affect the performance or production efficiency of broilers in the period from 22 to 33 days and 22 to 42 days. However, the selenium inclusion level of 0.3 mg/kg improved the viability in both phases. The yields of carcass, major cuts, intestine, and heart were not influenced by the levels of selenium and vitamin E, whereas abdominal fat for the selenium level 0.1 mg/kg decreased linearly with the inclusion in vitamin E.

Digestibilidade das dietas formuladas com diferentes níveis de L-glutamina e zinco para frangos de corte / Digestibility of the diets formulated with different levels of L- glutamine and zinc for broilers

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição de L-glutamina e zinco sobre os coeficientes de digestibilidade dos nutrientes e balanço de nitrogênio no período de 9 a 15 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 140 pintos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 (1 e 2% de L-glutamina) x 3 (0, 90 e 120 mg de zinco/kg de ração) e um tratamento controle, com cinco repetições com 4 aves cada. Não houve efeito da combinação de L-glutamina e zinco sobre o coeficiente de digestibilidade da matéria seca. Nos níveis 1 e 2% de L-glutamina, o zinco, influenciou de forma linear crescente e quadrática, respectivamente. O coeficiente de digestibilidade do extrato etéreo e todos os tratamentos testados apresentaram maiores valores quando comparados com o controle. O tratamento com 2% de L-glutamina combinado com 120 mg de zinco/kg de ração apresentou maior excreção de nitrogênio, menor coeficiente de digestibilidade da proteína e menor eficiência de utilização do nitrogênio. As dietas com a adição de 1 e 2% de L-glutamina associada com todos os níveis de zinco suplementar proporcionam o aumento do coeficiente de digestibilidade do extrato etéreo. O tratamento com a associação de 1% de L-glutamina com 90 e 120mg de zinco/kg e 2% de L-glutamina sem a adição zinco de propiciam a maior retenção de nitrogênio.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the addition of L-glutamine and zinc on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in the period 9-15 days old. Were used 140 chicks, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 2 (1 and 2% glutamine) x 3 (0.0, 90.0 and 120.0 mg zinc / kg diet) and control treatment, with five replications, with four birds each. No effect of the combination of L-glutamine and zinc on the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter. At levels 1 and 2% L-glutamine, zinc, influenced increasingly and quadratic linear form, respectively, ether extract digestibility, and all treatments showed higher values when compared to the control. The treatment with 2% L-glutamine combined with 120 mg of zinc/kg feed showed higher nitrogen excretion, lower coefficient of digestibility of protein and lower use efficiency of nitrogen. The diets with the addition of 1 and 2% L-glutamine associated with all levels of zinc further provide increased ether extract digestibility. The treatment with the combination of 1% L-glutamine with 90 and 120mg of zinc/kg and 2% L-glutamine, without the addition of zinc to provide greater retention of nitrogen

Mucosal leishmaniasis in Brazilian patients: two case reports with similar clinical presentation and different approaches.

Mucosal leishmaniasis is a chronic infection that affects the upper respiratory tract and/or the oral mucosa caused by Leishmania protozoan parasites. We present two cases of oral leishmaniasis and discuss the different diagnostic strategies and treatment. In both cases, the patients were male, 60 and 94 years of age, and presented with lesions on the soft palate. In the first patient, the final diagnosis was made on the basis of histopathologic examination. In the second case, polymerase chain reaction and Montenegro skin test were necessary to confirm the diagnosis. The first patient was treated with meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime), and the lesions healed after 2 months. In the second case, the patient received treatment with liposomal amphotericin B but later died as a result of generalized infection. Mucosal leishmaniasis is a highly disfiguring disease. Early diagnosis is important to prevent a lethal outcome.

Técnica de fatiamento do ovário para obtenção de oócitos em cutias (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) / Ovarian slicing technique to obtain oocytes from agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha)

As biotécnicas da reprodução são importantes ferramentas para conservação de espécies domésticas e silvestres, pois permitem a recuperação e uso futuro de material reprodutivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros morfológicos de CCOs de cutias, obtidos pela técnica de fatiamento do ovário para utilização em protocolos de maturação e fecundação na produção in vitro de embriões. Foram utilizadas dezessete cutias fêmeas do NEPAS, CCA- UFPI, com idade e peso médios de 3,9 anos e 2,16Kg, respectivamente, que foram submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia. Os ovários após dissecados e pesados em balança de precisão, foram fatiados individualmente. Procedeu-se a busca e seleção dos CCOs em estereomicroscópio, os quais foram identificados e quantificados por cada ovário, além de classificados quanto a sua morfologia segundo a quantidade de camadas de células do cumulus e ao citoplasma em quatro graus. Verificou-se que a técnica de fatiamento do ovário possibilitou a obtenção de CCOs de cutias, com recuperação de grande quantidade e de variados graus de qualidade. Não houve correlações entre a idade dos animais e o peso dos ovários; a idade e o número de CCOs obtidos; entre o peso das cutias e o peso dos ovários e o número de CCOs obtidos.

The reproductive biotechnologies are important tools for conservation of domestic and wild animal species, because they allow the recovery and future use of reproductive material. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological parameters of COCs of agoutis obtained by slicing the ovary for using them in maturation and fertilization protocols in vitro production of embryos. Seventeen female agoutis NEPAS, CCA-UFPI, age and weight average of 3.9 years and 2.16 kg, respectively, were underwent ovariossalpingohisterectomy. The ovaries after dissected and weighed on a precision balance were sliced individually. We proceeded the search and selection of COCs in stereomicroscope, which were identified and quantified by each ovary, and classified as to their morphology, by the quantity of layers of cumulus cells and the cytoplasm into four degrees. It has been found that the technique of slicing ovarian possible to obtain agouti COCs with recovery of loads and varying degrees of quality. There was no correlation between age and weight of animal ovaries, age and the number of COCs obtained; between the weight of agoutis and weight of ovaries and the number of COCs obtained.

Avaliação da contaminação de ovos comercializados na cidade de São Luís, MA por Salmonella spp / Evaluation of contamination of eggs commercialized in São Luís, MA by Salmonella spp

Um dos maiores desafios deste século continua sendo a produção de alimentos. A questão não é apenas produzir alimentos, mas assegurar a qualidade dos produtos para o consumidor final. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a contaminação de ovos comercializados na cidade de São Luís/MA por Salmonella spp. Foram analisadas 80 amostras de ovos oriundos de oito diferentes pontos comerciais. Nos resultados das análises microbiológicas foi evidenciado que 100% das amostras possuíam ausência de Salmonella spp., porém, 35% estavam contaminadas por bactérias pertencentes à família Enterobacteriaceae. Apesar de não ter sido constatada a presença de Salmonella spp.nas amostras analisadas, baseando-se nos resultados conclui-se que ocorreram falhas durante o processo de higienização dos ovos comercializados na cidade de São Luís/ MA, sendo necessárias melhorias na manipulação e acondicionamento dos ovos comercializados, visando minimizar potenciais riscos à saúde do consumidor.

One of the largest challenges of this century, it continues to be the production of foods for the population. The question is not just to produce food, but also to assure the products quality for the final consumer. In this context, the quality control of food becomes necessary in the sector nutritional. This work has for goal to evaluate microbiological aspects of the eggs consumed in the city of São Luís/ MA. They were analyzed 80 samples of eggs derived of eight markets different. The results of the analyses microbiological evidenced that 35% of the samples analyzed was contaminated. That result showed that the microbiological quality of the eggs commercialized in some markets city of São Luís/MA, is not in satisfactory terms for the consumption, being, therefore a risk in potential for the consumer health.

Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 na ausência de neuropatia autonômica não altera a taxa de sudorese no exercício / Type 1 diabetes mellitus in the lack of autonomic neuropathy does not alter the sudoresis rate in exercise

A sudorese é o principal mecanismo autonômico termorregulatório na espécie humana. A taxa de sudorese (TS) durante o exercício pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores, entre eles doenças, como o diabetes mellitus tipo 1, cujos pacientes são vítimas potenciais de distúrbios termorregulatórios. Os exercícios regulares são recomendados para diabéticos e, inclusive, alguns deles tornam-se atletas. No entanto, ainda não foi medida a TS de diabéticos durante exercício progressivo até a exaustão (GXT) e comparada com a de indivíduos sadios com características antropométricas semelhantes. O presente estudo comparou a TS de sete voluntários diabéticos (DM) e sete controles (GC), semelhantes quanto à idade, gênero, composição corporal e capacidade aeróbica. Antes e após o GXT, foram medidos a gravidade específica da urina (GEU), o peso e a glicemia capilar. A TS global foi calculada dividindo-se a variação do peso pelo tempo de coleta e área de superfície corporal. A TS local do antebraço foi calculada utilizando-se a variação do peso de um filtro absorvente corrigido pela sua área e tempo de coleta. As TS locais do antebraço e da perna foram induzidas por iontoforese com pilocarpina (0,5 por cento) no grupo DM. A freqüência cardíaca (FC) foi registrada antes, durante e após GXT. A temperatura média da pele (TMP) e as condições térmicas ambientais foram medidas durante o experimento. A glicemia capilar foi maior no DM, como o esperado. As TS global e local foram semelhantes entre os grupos, enquanto que a FC no repouso e a TMP no repouso e no exercício foram maiores no DM. Não houve diferença entre as TS do antebraço e da perna no DM com a pilocarpina. Concluiu-se que a resposta sudorípara foi semelhante entre diabéticos jovens e grupo controle durante exercício progressivo em ambiente temperado.

Sudoresis is the main autonomic human thermoregulatory mechanism. It can be influenced by several factors, including diseases, among them diabetes mellitus Type 1 (DM1), whose patients are potential victims of thermoregulatory disturbances. Regular physical exercises are recommended to diabetic people and some of them even become athletes. However, up to now, the sweat rate (SR) of diabetic patients during graded exercise until exhaustion (GXT) has not been compared to the SR of healthy individuals with similar physical characteristics. The present study measured global (SRglobal) and local (SRlocal) sweat rates during GXT in 14 diabetic (DM) and control subjects (CG), similar in age, gender, body composition and aerobic capacity. Urine specific gravity (Gu), body mass and blood glucose (Gblood) were measured before and after GXT. Besides that, Srlocal (forearm and leg) was measured by iontophoresis with pilocarpine (0.5 percent) in the DM group. Heart rate (HR), skin temperature (Tsk) and environmental thermal conditions were measured during the experiment. Both initial and final Gblood were higher in the DM, as expected. The Gu were similar between groups. Exercise induced similar SRglobal and SRlocal in both groups, whereas the rest HR and rest and exercise Tsk were higher in the DM. Forearm and leg SR were not different in the DM. It was concluded that the sweating response was not different between young diabetic patients and control group during GXT in a temperate environment.